| Prince William | |
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| Predecessor | Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester |
| Spouse | Princess Mary of Great Britain |
| Full name | |
| William Frederick | |
| House | House of Hanover |
| Father | Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester |
| Mother | Maria, Duchess of Gloucester |
| Born | 15 January 1776 Teodoli Palace, Rome |
| Died | 30 November 1834 (aged 58) Bagshot Park, Surrey |
| Burial | St George's Chapel, Windsor |
Prince William, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh (William Frederick or "Silly Billy"; 15 January 1776 – 30 November 1834) was a member of the British Royal Family, a great-grandson of George II and nephew of George III.
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Prince William of Gloucester was born on 15 January 1776 at the Teodoli Palace in Rome, Italy. His father was Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, the third son of the Prince of Wales. His mother was Maria, Duchess of Gloucester, the illegitimate daughter of Edward Walpole and granddaughter of Robert Walpole. As a great-grandson of George II he held the title of Prince of Great Britain with the style His Highness, not His Royal Highness, at birth. The young prince was christened at Teodoli Palace, on 12 February 1776 by a Rev Salter. His godparents were The Duke and Duchess of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (his first cousin once-removed and his wife) and The Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (his second cousin one-removed).[1]
During his stay in Stockholm in 1802-1803, his interest and rumoured affair with Aurora Wilhelmina Koskull attracted a lot of attention, and he reportedly had plans to marry her; according to Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp, William Frederick said to her: "If she was your daughter, I would marry her!," with reference to Koskull.[2]
He was admitted to the University of Cambridge (Trinity College) in 1787, and granted his MA in 1790.[3] On 25 August 1805, Prince William's father died, and he inherited the titles, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh and Earl of Connaught. From 1811 until his death he was Chancellor of the University of Cambridge.[3] He was offered the position of king of Sweden in 1812 by some members of the Swedish nobility, but the British monarch would not allow it.
On 22 July 1816, he married The Princess Mary, his cousin and the fourth daughter of George III. The marriage took place at St. James's Palace, London. On that day, The Prince Regent granted the Duke the style of His Royal Highness by Order in Council.[4]
The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester lived at Bagshot Park in Surrey. They had no children together; they had married when both were 40. The Duke had been encouraged to stay single, so that there might be a suitable groom for Princess Charlotte of Wales, the heiress to the throne, even if no foreign match proved suitable; she had married Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg ten weeks earlier.[5]
He was active in many walks of life, and on 27 April 1822 chaired the first Annual General Meeting of London's new United University Club.[6] Politics, however, was not among them; he entered the House of Lords rarely, and he voted on few of the great issues of his time. He did advocate the abolition of slavery, and he supported Queen Caroline and the Duke of Sussex against George IV.[7]
He kept more state than the King; he never permitted a gentleman to be seated in his presence (which King George did as an exceptional favour) and expected to be served coffee by the ladies of any party he attended, and that they would stand while he drank it.[8] The general estimate of his capacity is given by his nickname, "Silly Billy"; he was also called "Slice of Gloucester" and "Cheese",[9] a reference to Gloucester cheese.
The Duke died on 30 November 1834, and was buried in St. George's Chapel, Windsor.
William was granted use of his father's arms (being the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label argent of five points, the centre bearing a fleur-de-lys azure, the other points each bearing a cross gules), the whole differenced by a label argent (or azure).[11]
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Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh
Cadet branch of the House of Welf
Born: 15 January 1776 Died: 30 November 1834 |
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| Military offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| New regiment | Colonel of the 115th Regiment of Foot 1794–1795 |
Regiment disbanded |
| Preceded by Sir Ralph Abercromby |
Colonel of the 6th (1st Warwickshire) Regiment of Foot 1795–1805 |
Succeeded by George Nugent |
| Preceded by The Duke of Argyll |
Colonel of the 3rd Regiment of Foot Guards 1806–1834 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Gordon |
| Preceded by Sir William Keppel |
Governor of Portsmouth 1827–1834 |
Succeeded by Sir Thomas McMahon, Bt |
| Peerage of Great Britain | ||
| Preceded by Prince William Henry |
Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh 1805–1834 |
Extinct |
| Peerage of Ireland | ||
| Preceded by Prince William Henry |
Earl of Connaught 1805–1834 |
Extinct |
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